Easy Practice — Set 2

Quick Recap — Naming, Reagents & Bond Fission

• IUPAC: pick the longest chain (root), give substituents the lowest locants.
• Electrophile = electron-deficient ($H^+$, $NO_2^+$, carbocations, $BF_3$, $AlCl_3$); nucleophile = electron-rich ($OH^-$, $CN^-$, $NH_3$, halide ions).
• Inductive effect acts through sigma bonds: alkyl is $+I$ (donating); $-NO_2$, $-CN$, halogens are $-I$ (withdrawing).
• Homolysis $\to$ free radicals; heterolysis $\to$ a carbocation and an anion.