Quick Recap — Reactions & Properties

  • Glucose reactions: oxidation (to gluconic/saccharic acid), reduction (to sorbitol), forms an osazone, reacts with NH2OHNH_2OH (oxime) and HCN (cyanohydrin) ⇒\Rightarrow open-chain aldehyde form.
  • Anomers/mutarotation: α\alpha and β\beta forms of glucose interconvert in solution.
  • Sucrose is non-reducing (both anomeric carbons in the glycosidic bond); invert sugar on hydrolysis.
  • Denaturation breaks 2∘^\circ/3∘^\circ structure (not peptide bonds). DNA replication is semiconservative.